天津大学2016年广场快题解析及案例欣赏-IOTA

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天津大学2016年广场快题解析及案例欣赏

阅读量：3611187 2019-10-20

这篇文章的出发点是园林知识积累，考研干货以及学习经验分享。秉持着“活到老，学到老”的思想，让我们一起往下继续学习吧！

【广场设计】

【考试类型】：广场/建筑外环境
【尺度大小】：约2.25ha
【考试内容】：公园入口广场兼美术馆前广场
【难易程度】：☆☆☆

【考察关键点】：
1、场地性质是公园入口广场
2、场地兼具美术馆前广场的作用，因而需要考虑公共建筑的集散需求，同时做出一些呼应美术馆的艺术元素
3、如何把公园入口广场的活动空间和美术馆前的集散空间合理分割，但又能够相互联系是本题的难点
4、延伸到场地里的人工湖的处理
5、和西侧公园的引导和联系

【考点延伸策略总结】：
1、较大的广场设计是考生比较头疼的类型，一定要注意区分和公园的不同思路
2、在敢于留足硬质场地（大面积铺装）的基础上，如何合理对整个场地的空间进行划分，同时增加绿地的细节是成败与否的关键
3、对于设计范围内的场地，切不可忽略其和周围环境的关系（例如本题和西侧的公园），要考虑景观的序列性和引导性，合理安排轴线，充分体现自己的设计和外环境的关系
【广场案例】
【亚历山大艺术广场——Alexander Art Plaza】

Myk-d ：亚历山大是一个开放的空间，用于非正式的社区聚会和举办活动。这个广场位于美国佛罗里达州西棕榈滩一条零售街道附近，为游客和当地居民创造了一个特色的舒适区。一个由叠层的天然石板制成的雕塑坐椅，充当雨水花园，管理暴雨水。该项目使用所有当地的石材材料，并将这些材料穿过场地，形成一种波浪状的形式，引用了佛罗里达半岛的当地地质情况。围绕着石工和雕刻的长凳，是阳光草坪，它提供了一块绿色的地毯，包围着石岛绿洲。游客可以坐在树冠树荫下，观看整体的艺术作品，或者与雕塑本身进行互动，找到坐、立、卧、爬的方法。叠层石板的条纹代表了影响该地区的文化的风潮。
Myk-d ：The Alexander is an open space for informal neighborhood gatherings and passive activities. Located near a retail street, this plaza creates a featured amenity for visitors and local residents alike. A sculptural seating piece made of laminated natural stone slabs acts as a rain garden, managing storm water. The project uses all native stone materials and drapes these materials across the site to create a wave-like form, referencing the local geology of the Florida peninsula. Surrounding the stone pavers and sculptural bench is a grass landscape that provides a carpet of green, which envelops the stone island oasis. Visitors can sit in the shade of the canopy trees and view the integral art piece, or interact with the sculpture itself, finding ways to sit, stand, lie and climb. The striations from the laminated stone slabs represents the groundswell of cultures that have influenced the region.

【达拉斯艺术博物馆（DMA）】
Eagle Family Plaza项目与Studio Outside合作，更新了一个三十多年的旧址，提供改进的车辆循环，增强的行人通道，并增加了相对于克莱德沃伦公园的空间使用潜力。该项目旨在为车辆和行人创造更加灵活和增强的入口。室内用餐露台和从内部咖啡厅延伸的休息区将用于特别活动和晚餐、户外用餐。一个轻钢心轴将为紫藤提供一个框架，在户外用餐区创造一个绿色的“天花板”。毗邻这个空间，一个新的草坪将作为特殊活动和节日的雕塑和座位的简单而优雅的空间。
The Dallas Museum of Art (DMA) Eagle Family Plaza project, a collaboration with Studio Outside, updates an over thirty year old site, providing improved vehicular circulation, enhanced pedestrian access, and increased outdoor use potential of the space relative to Klyde Warren Park. The project is designed to create a more flexible and enhanced entrance for vehicles and pedestrian. An outdoor dining terrace and lounge area extending from the interior café will be used for special events and evening dining, al fresco. A light steel arbor will provide the framework for wisteria to create a green ‘ceiling’ over the outdoor dining area. Adjacent to this space a new lawn will serve as simple, elegant space for sculpture and seating for special events and festivals.

【连接车站和社区的梯田广场—Minami-Makigahara station plaza/STGK】
STGK：STGK在南万骑原车站前设计了一个广场，这是站前场地重建的一部分。在此区域内，车站和居住区之间大约有4米的高差，陡峭的台阶和斜坡把场地分成了两个部分。设计师建议在车站和住宅区之间创建一个缓坡。沿着这个斜坡设计了一个梯田式的空间，设计灵感来自稻田，通过车站和居民区的联系使景观成为一个整体。现在的梯田广场可以满足各种活动对场地的需求，例如休憩、散步和举办活动。
STGK: STGK designed a plaza in front of the Minami-Makigahara station, which is a part of the redevelopment of the station front. In this area, there is approximately four-meter level difference between the station and the residential area, which used to divide this area into two parts by steep steps and slopes. We proposed a gentle slope between the station and the residential area. Also along this slope, we made terraced spaces, which are inspired by terraced rice fields, in order to make a consistence landscape as a whole design though the station and the residential area. Now, this whole terraced space provides various activities such as resting, walking and holding events by local people and visitors.

许多现有的高大树木都被保留下来，这些树是自从广场建成后就已经种下的，它为人们提供了可以休息的荫凉之地。但是有一个问题，就是很难辨认车站的方位。为了解决这个问题，设计师在车站周围增加了标志性的照明杆和标识系统，以提升广场的个性特征，提升其可识别度。
Lots of existing tall trees were left, which have been planted since the station was built. Those trees provide shades for people to rest. There was a problem that it was hard to recognize where the station was. In order to solve this problem, we architects added signature lighting pole and signage systems around the station, to make existence of the plaza distinct and obvious.

这个广场不单单是由设计师们设计的，也是周围社区的孩子们设计的。在设计过程中，设计师们举办了一个专题研讨会，让孩子们找到并介绍当地的景点和他们喜欢的地方。在工作工坊中，他们制作了关于瓷砖铺装的示意图和介绍说明，铺地砖上的文字和图案向游客们展示了当地社区的迷人之处。设计师打算基于当地社区的情况来设计广场，因为他们相信这会让这个站前广场更具吸引力，并更加贴近当地社区。
This plaza is created not only by the designers, but also children from the surrounding neighborhood. In the design process, we held a workshop intended for children to find and introduce local scenic spots and their favorite places. In the workshop, they created illustrations and introductions to introduce on the tile paving. Those characters and patterns on the tile paving show appealing points of the local neighborhood for visitors. We intended to design this plaza with the local neighborhood because we believe this design process makes this plaza more attractive and attached to the local neighborhood.